Reference Materials ⋆ Ice Age Floods Institute

A growing collection of reference materials and useful resources about the Ice Age Floods
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[wptabs mode=”horizontal”] [wptabtitle]Books[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent]
A growing collection of books about the Ice Age floods

Big Black Boring Rock: Essays on Northwest Geology - 2006; Reidel; Steve P.: Battelle Press; Columbus; Ohio; 142 p.
Bretz’s Flood - 2008; John Sonnichsen; Sasquatch Books. J Harlen Bretz was the geologist to answer the riddle of how the dramatic coulees; gullies; and deserts between Idaho and the Cascade Mountains in Eastern Washington came to be. Available through IAFI Bookstore
Cascadia: The Geologic Evolution of the Pacific Northwest - 1972; McKee; Bates : ; McGraw-Hill; New York (textbook).
Cataclysms on the Columbia - 2009; John Elliot Allen; Marjorie Burns; Scott Burns; Ooligan Press; 204 pages. Follow the geological research that challenged early 20th century geology and discovered the powerful prehistoric floods that shaped the Pacific Northwest. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
Fire; Faults; & Floods: A Road & Trail Guide Exploring the Origins of the Columbia River Basin - 1997; Mueller; M.; and T. Mueller: University of Idaho Press; Moscow; Idaho. This road and trail guidebook introduces readers to outstanding geological features found in the Columbia River Basin. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
Geologic Road Trips in Grant County - 1996; Amara; Mark S.; and George E. Neff: Washington; ; Adam East (Now Moses Lake) Museum and Art Center ( 509-766-9395); Moses Lake; Wash.
Glacial Lake Missoula and Its Humongous Floods - 2001; Alt; David D.: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.; The gripping tale of a huge Ice Age lake that drained suddenly—not just once but repeatedly—and reshaped the landscape of the Northwest. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
In the Days When the Rivers Ran Backwards - Cox, L.M., 1994, In the Days When the Rivers Ran Backwards, NorBon's Copy Cabin, Lewiston, Idaho.
Northwest Exposures: A Geologic Story of the Northwest - 1995; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods - Northern Reaches - 2012; Bruce Bjornstadt; Publisher: Keokee Co. Publishing Inc.; 480 pages. This remarkably detailed and authoritative guide leads you by trail; road and aerial tour to discover for yourself the amazing world of cataclysmic flood geology. Available through IAFI Boorkstore.
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: A Geological Field Guide to the Mid Columbia Basin - 2006; Bjornstad; Bruce N.: Keokee Publishing Inc.; Sandpoint; Idaho; 307p. During the last great Ice Age that ended some 15;000 years ago; the Pacific Northwest was repeatedly decimated by cataclysmic floods unlike anything of modern times. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
Roadside Geology of Idaho - 1989; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Montana - 1986; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Oregon - 1978; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Washington - 1984; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Terra Tempo - 2010; David R. Shapiro (Author); Christopher Herndon (Illustrator); Craigmore Creations; Join in the adventure as Jenna; Caleb; and Ari unlock the secret of time travel and journey back 15;000 years to witness the great Missoula Floods of the Ice Ages—the largest floods to have ever washed over the face of the earth. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
The Channeled Scablands of Eastern Washington: The Geologic Story of the Spokane Flood - 1989; Weis; P.L.; and W.L. Newman; Eastern Washington University Press; Cheney; Wash.; second edition. This 25 page booklet gives a fantastic brief overview of the Ice Age Floods story. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
The Geological History of the Wenatchee Valley and Adjacent Vicinity - 2006; Mason; Charles L.; World Publishing; Wenatchee; Washington; 167p. Describes the last two hundred million year unparalleled buffet of geological events in the Wenatchee Valley area. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
The Magnificent Gateway: A Layman’s Guide to the Geology of the Columbia River Gorge - Allen, John Eliot, 1984, Timber Press, Portland, Ore. Describes in layman's terms the geological forces which have produced the Columbia River Gorge.
The Restless Northwest: A Geological Story - Williams, Hill, 2002, Washington State University Press, Pullman, Wash. The Restless Northwest provides a brief, easy-to-follow overview of the geologic processes that shaped the Northwest. One of the attractions of the Northwest is its varied terrain, from the volcanic Cascade Range to the flood-scoured scablands of eastern Washington and the eroded peaks of the northern Rockies. These vast differences are the result of a collision of the old and the new.
Washington’s Channeled Scablands Guide - 2012; John Soennichsen; Mountaineers Books; 224 Pages Explore Washington's canyons of Ice Age wonders -- great trails; stunning scenery; and amazing history with thsi comprehensive guide to a fascinating region rich with
Where the Great River Bends - 2008; Robert J Carson; Michael E Denny; Catherine E Dickson; Lawrence Dodd; G Thomas Edwards; Keokee Books; Sandpoint; Idaho. The Ice Age floods; Native Americans; fur trappers; railroads and more have made Wallula Gap an important historical and cultural landmark in the West’s awesome landscape. Available through IAFI Bookstore.

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[wptabtitle]Bulletins, Pamphlets, Periodicals[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent]
A growing list of bulletins, pamphlets, and periodical publications, often available from government sources

Aftermath of the Ice Age Floods: A Bird’s Eye View - An illustrated overview of the Ice Age Floods highlighted with descriptions of aerial photos and maps. Compiled by Bruce Bjornstad (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)
Cataclysm; Light and Passion: How Washington came to produce some of the Worlds greatest wines - Steury; T.; 2001; Washington State Magazine; Washington State University; Pullman; Washington; November 2001.
Erratics: Geologists study boulders for clues to ancient floods; icebergs in Eastern Washington - Raker; B.; 2004; Northwest Science and Technology; Spring 2004; p. 24-28; http://agg.pnl.gov/projects/nwst.pdf.
Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods-Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington - Carson, Robert J., and Kevin R. Pogue, 1996, "Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods--Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington," Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 90, Washington Dept. of Natural Resources, Olympia, Wash.
Forces of Nature: How the last Ice Age shapted the Northwest wine industry - Perdue; A.; 2005; Wine Press Northwest; Fall 2005; p. 32-39.
Formative Years; How Torrential Ice Age Floods Shaped the Northwest - Lewis; Peter B.; 2001; Horizon Air; v. 12; no. 11; p.36-45.
Geocaching and the Ice Age Floods - Bjornstad; B.N.; 2005; Geological Society of America meeting; www.iafi.org/pdf/Bjornstad_GSA05.pdf.
In the Days When the Rivers Ran Backwards - Cox, L.M., 1994, In the Days When the Rivers Ran Backwards, NorBon's Copy Cabin, Lewiston, Idaho.
Missoulas Monster Floods - Ostertag; Rhonda and George; 2003; California Wild; v. 56; no. 4 (Fall) p. 18-21.
Sedimental Journey; Following the Path of Glacial Lake Missoulas Flood Waters - Stephens; Patia; 2001; Montanan; v. 19; no. 2 (Winter); p. 20-26.
The Channeled Scablands of Eastern Washington: The Geologic Story of the Spokane Flood - 1989; Weis; P.L.; and W.L. Newman; Eastern Washington University Press; Cheney; Wash.; second edition. This 25 page booklet gives a fantastic brief overview of the Ice Age Floods story. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
The Evolving Landscape of the Columbia River Gorge: Lewis and Clark and Cataclysms on the Columbia - Oregon Historical Quarterly; v. 105; no.3; www.historycooperative.org/journals/ohq/105.3/oconnor.html.
The Floods that Carved the West - Smithsonian Article - Fifteen thousand years ago, during the last Ice Age, a glacial dam collapsed in what is now northern Idaho, releasing the waters of a giant inland sea known as Lake Missoula. Five hundred cubic miles of water rampaged westward at 60 miles an hour in a torrent flowing with ten times the volume of all the rivers on earth. (Abbreviated article)
The Giant Lake Sacajawea Flood Bar Along the Snake River; Washington - Bjornstad; B.N.; 2002; available on the web in October 2006 at www.iafi.org/pdf/lsb2.pdf.
The Great Columbia flood - Mullen; T.; 2005; Columbia; Spring 2005; p. 40-44.
The Great Scablands Debate - Gould; Stephen Jay; 1978; Natural History; v. 87; no. 7; p.12-18.
Washington’s Channeled Scabland - Bretz, J Harlen, 1959, "Washington’s Channeled Scabland," Bulletin No. 45, Washington Division of Mines and Geology, Olympia, Wash.

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[wptabtitle]Field Trip Guides[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent]
A growing list of maps that are useful when exploring Ice Age floods regions

A Self-Guided Tour of the Geology of the Columbia River Gorge - 2004; Norman; D.K.; and J.M. Roloff: Portland Airport to Skamania Lodge; Stevenson; Washington ; Open-File Report 2004-7; Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources; Washington State Department of Natural Resources; Olympia; Washington.
Benton City Sediments Field Trip - October 16, 2020, George V. Last and Stephen P. Reidel, Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210 Washington State University Tri-Cities. Explore early, middle and late Pleistocene Touche Beds and cataclysmic Ice Age Flood deposits and local river flash floods. The field trip encompasses 20 miles, includes 4 stops and will take approximately 2 hours to complete.
Cameo Heights Quarry Field Trip - August 19, 2020, Stephen P. Reidel and George V. Last, Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210 Washington State University Tri-Cities. This field trip visits a single location to explore the Goose Creek member of the Columbia River Basalt, as well as a dike and a strike slip fault cutting through the outcrop. Please stay away from the quarry face as rocks often fall out unexpectedly.
Clark Fork Ice Dam and Glacial Lake Missoula Floods - 2005; Breckenridge; R. and R. Lewis: Field trip guide for biannual meeting of the Ice Age Floods Institute; Sandpoint; Idaho; May 14; 2005.
Columbia Gorge Geology Field Trip Guide - DeKay, L. & Hurd, T., 2021; A guide book to accompany IAFI-Columbia Gorge Chapter semi-annual field trips through the Columbia River Gorge. The central Columbia River Gorge is like a storybook of the past 40-50 million years, and we open and read from several chapters of that book in a 10 hour bus/walking tour of a 40 mile section of the Gorge between Cascade Locks, OR to Columbia Hills State Park, WA. As we turn some of those pages and take a glimpse into the incredible geology and more of the Columbia River Gorge, we will reveal many secrets that are hidden right in plain sight.
Columnar Basalt Field Trip - Learn about columnar basalt as we explore outcrops at Frenchman Coulee and Drumheller Channels. Leader: Nick Zentner - CWU Geology. 4.7 Mb field trip guide
Coyote Canyon Mammoth Virtual Field Trip - 2020, George V. Last and Stephen P. Reidel - There are 3 main stops on this field trip to examine evidence of the Ice Age Floods that inundated the Tri-Cities area, and summarize the sequence of geological events as they occurred over the last 10.5 million years.
Fire; Faults; & Floods: A Road & Trail Guide Exploring the Origins of the Columbia River Basin - 1997; Mueller; M.; and T. Mueller: University of Idaho Press; Moscow; Idaho. This road and trail guidebook introduces readers to outstanding geological features found in the Columbia River Basin. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
Fishtrap Lake Scablands Field Trip April, 2022 -
The Fishtrap Lake Scablands are several miles east of Sprague lake and are part of the Cheney-Palouse Scabland tract. Glacial flood features that can be observed there include the scoured scabland channel, flood-related gravel bars, palouse ‘islands’ (erosional remnants left by the floods), and potholes. Fishtrap Lake is thought to be the remains of a recessional cataract & plunge pool channel carved into the Priest Rapids member of the Miocene Wanapum basalt flow.
Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods-Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington - Carson, Robert J., and Kevin R. Pogue, 1996, "Flood Basalts and Glacier Floods--Roadside Geology of Parts of Walla Walla, Franklin, and Columbia Counties, Washington," Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 90, Washington Dept. of Natural Resources, Olympia, Wash.
Geologic Road Trips in Grant County - 1996; Amara; Mark S.; and George E. Neff: Washington; ; Adam East (Now Moses Lake) Museum and Art Center ( 509-766-9395); Moses Lake; Wash.
Ginkgo Petrified Forest Virtual Field Trip - 2020, Stephen P. Reidel and George V. Last - Explore the settings and origins of the Ginkgo Petrified Forest in this virtual field trip to the Wanapum Recreation Area near Vantage, WA.
HOODOO CHANNEL AND VALLEY: Remnants of the Ice Age Floods - When travelling north on Idaho State Hwy 95 out of Coeur d’Alene, you will be travelling on Ice Age Flood deposits that constitute the Rathdrum/Spokane Aquifer, the primary source of water for over 500K people living between Spokane, WA and Careywood, ID.
Ice Age Floods Features in the Vicinity of the Pasco Basin and Hanford Reach National Monument - 2002; Bjornstad; B.N. and K.R. Fecht: This field guide and roadlog provide an introduction to ice-age flood features that occur in the vicinity of the Pasco Basin and the Hanford Reach National Monument. (Bechtel Hanford Inc.)
Ice Age Floods Influence on Yakima Valley Wine Country Terroirs, 2004 - George V. Last, Bruce N. Bjornstad, Alan J. Busacca, Ph.D. - Examines local geologic features created by cataclysmic Ice-Age floods of the Channeled Scabland system and the related soils underlying some of Washington's best vineyards and wineries within the Red Mountain and Walla Walla appellations.
Ice Age Floods Influence on Yakima Valley Wine Country Terroirs, 2008 - George V. Last, Bruce N. Bjornstad, Alan J. Busacca, Ph.D. - Examines local geologic features created by cataclysmic Ice Age floods and the related soils underlying some of Washington's best vineyards and wineries within the Red Mountain, Yakima Valley, and Rattlesnake Hills wine-growing regions.
Ice Age floods through the western Channeled Scabland in Gorges; Clays and Coulees - 2004; Bjornstad; B.N.: Field Trip Guide No. 1 and 3; Missoula Floods and the Channeled Scabland; PNNL-SA-41991; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; Washington.
Ice Harbor Volcano Field Trip Guide - 2020, September 26; Stephen P. Reidel, George V. Last: Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210, Washington State University Tri-Cities
Lake Missoula Flood Channels Obstacles and Overlooks in the Portland / Vancouver Area - 2006; Thompson; R.: Geology Field Trip Series; Lower Columbia Floods Chapter; Ice Age Floods Institute
Leavenworth to Wellington Field Trip Guide - This field trip will take us on a transect from the eastern edge of the northeastern Cascades in Leavenworth to just west of the Cascade Crest at the old Great Northern railstop of Wellington. Enroute, we will see evidence for a variety of rock types, geologic structures, climates, glaciations, river and stream processes, vegetation, landslides, wildfires, and snow avalanches. This transect is an area of much historical significance because it has been a main transportation corridor since 1893. It is perhaps because of the intersection of transportation with geology, topography, climate, and vegetation that this area is most famous. While fire and avalanches have impacted this area for centuries, it is only in the last century with the growth of human population and infrastructure in the mountains that that these events have truly become hazards. Our final stop will explore a classic Cascade hazard—snow avalanches--at Wellington, the site of the deadliest snow avalanche disaster in North America. Leader: Karl Lillquist - CWU Geography. 4.5 MB Field Trip Guide
Lower Grand Coulee Field Trip Guide - The Lower Grand Coulee extends from Dry Falls to Soap Lake. It is perhaps the most striking of the coulees of the Missoula Flood-created Channeled Scablands. We will explore saline lakes, ice age lakes, hanging valleys, flood bars, giant current ripples, folded Columbia River Basalts, butte and basin topography, potholes, caves, rhino casts, and human activity related to the ice age floods in the Lower Grand Coulee. Stops will include the Ephrata Expansion Bar south of Soap, Soap Lake (a closed basin lake at the downstream end of the Lower Grand Coulee), a flood bar covered with giant current ripples at the mouth of East Lenore Coulee, Lake Lenore caves (notable as models of human occupation sites in the area), and Dry Falls at the head of the coulee. Leader: Karl Lillquist - CWU Geography.
Missoula Flood Features of the Channeled Scabland of Eastern Washington (Emphasizing the Othello Washington Area) - 2006; Cunderla; B.: Othello Sandhill Crane Festival; March 25; 2006.
Moses Coulee to Chelan Field Trip - The Mid-Columbia River between Moses Coulee and Chelan lies at a key natural boundary. Geology, physiography, climate, and vegetation change dramatically from west to east along this boundary. To the wetter west, lies the coniferous forest-shrouded Cascade Range and associated crystalline rocks of the Swakane and Chelan Mountains terranes. To the east, we see more arid, shrub steppe of the Columbia Plateau and underlying Columbia River Basalts. The northern portion of this area was shaped directly by the late Pleistocene Okanogan Lobe of the Cordilleran Icesheet while ice age floods impacted areas to the south. Our trip will focus on evidence for these intermingled glaciers and floods in this distinctive boundary environment. Stops will focus on key features of the flood and glacial story between Moses Coulee and Chelan. Leader: Karl Lillquist - CWU Geography. 4.5 Mb Field Trip Guide
Old Blewett Pass field trip (Fall 2015) - Explore the geology of the Old Blewett Pass area with Leader Nick Zentner of CWU Geology. 6.7 Mb field guide
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods - Northern Reaches - 2012; Bruce Bjornstadt; Publisher: Keokee Co. Publishing Inc.; 480 pages. This remarkably detailed and authoritative guide leads you by trail; road and aerial tour to discover for yourself the amazing world of cataclysmic flood geology. Available through IAFI Boorkstore.
On the Trail of the Ice Age Floods: A Geological Field Guide to the Mid Columbia Basin - 2006; Bjornstad; Bruce N.: Keokee Publishing Inc.; Sandpoint; Idaho; 307p. During the last great Ice Age that ended some 15;000 years ago; the Pacific Northwest was repeatedly decimated by cataclysmic floods unlike anything of modern times. Available through IAFI Bookstore.
Rattlesnake Ridge Facies Field Trip - 2020, August 28: George V. Last, Stephen P. Reidel; Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210, Washington State University Tri-Cities. There are three stops on this 50+ mile road trip. The trip starts at the Benton City river access area (Recreation Area and Boat Launch) and will take approximately 2 hours to complete.
Ringold Landslide Field Trip - 2020, September 14; George V. Last, Stephen P. Reidel; Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210, Washington State University Tri-Cities - This trip will take about a 30 minute drive from WSU-TC to the main parking area. There is also a 0.4 mile hike on a gravel road to the first stop at the Miocene-Pliocene Ringold Formation and landslide. The second stop will examine Pleistocene age Flood gravels.
Roadside Geology of Idaho - 1989; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Montana - 1986; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Oregon - 1978; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
Roadside Geology of Washington - 1984; Alt; David D.; and Donald W. Hyndman: Mountain Press; Missoula; Mont.
The Influence of Ice Age Floods on the Terroir of Washington Wines - 2004; Last; G.V.; B.N. Bjornstad and A.J. Busacca: Field trip guide for the Lake Lewis Chapter of the Ice-Age floods Institute; October 30; 2004; PNWD-SA-6753; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland; Washington.
The Magnificent Gateway: A Layman’s Guide to the Geology of the Columbia River Gorge - Allen, John Eliot, 1984, Timber Press, Portland, Ore. Describes in layman's terms the geological forces which have produced the Columbia River Gorge.
Washington’s Channeled Scabland - Bretz, J Harlen, 1959, "Washington’s Channeled Scabland," Bulletin No. 45, Washington Division of Mines and Geology, Olympia, Wash.
Washington’s Channeled Scablands Guide - 2012; John Soennichsen; Mountaineers Books; 224 Pages Explore Washington's canyons of Ice Age wonders -- great trails; stunning scenery; and amazing history with thsi comprehensive guide to a fascinating region rich with
Webber Canyon Field Trip - 2020, August 25; Stephen P. Reidel, George V. Last, Prepared for Earth’s History and Evolution, School of the Environment (SOE) - 210, Washington State University Tri-Cities; We are going to look at some Touchet beds, ash layers and 3 lava flows.
Wenatchee Valley Ice Age Floods Geological Trail: Self Guided Driving Tours - Wenatchee Valley Convention and Visitors Bureau; 2005
Western Quincy BasinField Trip - Ice Age floods entered the Quincy Basin from the northeast and east. Some of this water drained from the basin through the Drumheller Channels to the south. The remainder flowed west, exiting the basin through Frenchman Coulee, Potholes Coulee, and Crater Coulee on the western edge of the Quincy Basin. We will examine the landforms and sediment evidence for late Ice Age catastrophic flood origins and evolution of the western flood outlets. Along the way, you will see giant basalt columns, dry falls, potholes, plunge pools, buttes, mesas, flood bars, dunes, and more. Additionally, we will examine evidence of earlier Ice Age floods into the Quincy Basin from the Columbia River Valley - Apr 23, 2017, Nick Zentner
Yakima Bluffs Virtual Field Trip - 2020, George V. Last and Stephen P. Reidel - This field trip is 9 miles (about a 15 minute drive) from WSU-TC. From there it involves about 0.9 miles on unimproved trail with some bushwhacking in sometimes steep, uneven terrain. There are 4 main stops to examine the geologic history over the last 8.5 million years - starting with the oldest rocks and proceeding upward to younger and younger geologic outcrops

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[wptabtitle]IAFI References[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent]

Aftermath of the Ice Age Floods: A Bird’s Eye View - An illustrated overview of the Ice Age Floods highlighted with descriptions of aerial photos and maps. Compiled by Bruce Bjornstad (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)
Columbia Gorge Geology and the Ice Age Floods - DeKay, L., 2020; An slide overview of the geology in the Columbia River Gorge, including information about the Ice Age Floods.
Columbia Gorge Geology Field Trip Guide - DeKay, L. & Hurd, T., 2021; A guide book to accompany IAFI-Columbia Gorge Chapter semi-annual field trips through the Columbia River Gorge. The central Columbia River Gorge is like a storybook of the past 40-50 million years, and we open and read from several chapters of that book in a 10 hour bus/walking tour of a 40 mile section of the Gorge between Cascade Locks, OR to Columbia Hills State Park, WA. As we turn some of those pages and take a glimpse into the incredible geology and more of the Columbia River Gorge, we will reveal many secrets that are hidden right in plain sight.
IAFI Brochure - The IAFI brochure is our introduction to the Floods and the Institute; formatted for a 3-part fold of double-sided printing. (PDF: 1.6 MB)
IAFI Bylaws (2007) - Bylaws of the Ice Age Floods Institute
IAFI Field Guide List - Includes most guidebooks of IAFI field trips (PDF; 21kB)
IAFI Floods Features Map - A map and information about Ice Age Floods features and geocaches at Ice Age Floods sites.
IAFI Scientific Advisory Panel - Contact the IAFI President To be referred to a member or members of an expert panel available to assist authors; reporters; teachers; interpretive designers; and others by answering technical questions or by commenting on technical information in manuscripts or drafts of presentations.
IAFI Store - Books; DVDs; other media and logo items you can order from IAFI
Ice Age Floods Archives @ EWU - Eastern Washington University's JFK Memorial Library hosts the official archives of Ice Age Floods literature; including science and history of science articles and other materials. For more information; please contact: Charles Mutschler University Archivist JFK Memorial Library 816 F Street Cheney; WA 99004-2453 (509) 359-2254
Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail - For information visit our Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail Page
Technical References - Technical resources arranged alphabetically by author
Technical Terms Glossary - IAFI Glossary of Technical Terms
Tri-Cities; WA; Car Tour Map - A map for visiting and learning about Ice Age Floods features near Richland; WA. Link is to web page hosted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); where you can view an interactive Google Maps version and download a PDF version of the map (11 MB). To obtain a paper copy of the map; please contact the Tri-Cities Visitor and Convention Bureau; Mailing Address: PO Box 2241; Kennewick; WA 99302; Street Address: 6951 W. Grandridge Blvd.; Kennewick; Phone Number: 509.735.8486 / 800.254.5824; Fax Number: 509.783.9005.

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[wptabtitle]Maps[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent]
A growing list of maps that are useful when exploring Ice Age floods regions

Channeled Scablands of Lincoln County - 1999; U.S. Bureau of Land Management: 1 sheet; scale 1:100
Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland: A Digital Portrait of Landforms of the Last Ice Age - 1998; U.S. Forest Service: Washington; Oregon; Northern Idaho; Western Montana; 1 sheet; scale 1:1
IAFI Floods Features Map - A map and information about Ice Age Floods features and geocaches at Ice Age Floods sites.
Tri-Cities; WA; Car Tour Map - A map for visiting and learning about Ice Age Floods features near Richland; WA. Link is to web page hosted by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL); where you can view an interactive Google Maps version and download a PDF version of the map (11 MB). To obtain a paper copy of the map; please contact the Tri-Cities Visitor and Convention Bureau; Mailing Address: PO Box 2241; Kennewick; WA 99302; Street Address: 6951 W. Grandridge Blvd.; Kennewick; Phone Number: 509.735.8486 / 800.254.5824; Fax Number: 509.783.9005.
Wenatchee Valley Ice Age Floods Geological Trail: Self Guided Driving Tours - Wenatchee Valley Convention and Visitors Bureau; 2005

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[wptabtitle]Tech Papers – by Lead Author A-Z[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent] This reference list was originally compiled by Bruce Bjornstad – 2008, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – with occasional updates and additions. Most of these works are located in libraries at colleges and universities that offer courses in the earth sciences. Almost all of the items should be available through interlibrary loan, by placing a request at a public library.

Alden; W.C.; 1927: Discussion: Channeled Scabland and the Spokane Flood - Washington Academy of Sciences Journal; v. 17; no. 8; p. 203.
Alden; W.C.; 1953: Physiography and Glacial Geology of Western Montana and Adjacent Areas - U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 231; 300 p.
Ali; A.; K. Boreson; D.J. Howard; B.L. Siegmund; E.N.J. St. Godard; J.P. Buchanan.; 1989: Eastward-Flowing Glacial Lake Missoula Outburst Floods in the Spokane Valley? - Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 21; no. 5; p. 50.
Allen; J.E.; 1996: Unusual Landscapes and Geologic Problems in the Pacific Northwest - Oregon Geology; v. 58; no. 5; p. 126.
Allison; I.S.; 1932: Spokane Flood South of Portland; Oregon - Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 43; p. 133-134.
Allison; I.S.; 1933: New Version of the Spokane Flood - Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 44; p. 675-722.
Allison; I.S.; 1935: Glacial Erratics in the Willamette Valley - Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 46; p. 605-632.
Allison; I.S.; 1941: Flints Fill Hypothesis for Channeled Scabland - Journal of Geology; v. 49; p. 54-73.
Allison; I.S.; 1964: New Version of the Spokane Flood - [abstract]. in Fryxell; R.; and E.F. Cook; eds.; A Field Guide to the Loess Deposits and Channeled Scablands of the Palouse Area; Eastern Washington; Washington State University Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigations No. 27; p. 7.
Allison; I.S.; 1978: Late Pleistocene Sediments in the Willamette Valley - The Ore Bin; v. 40; Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries; Portland; Oregon; p. 177-203.
Alt; D.D.; and R.L. Chambers; 1970: Repetition of the Spokane Flood - American Quaternary Association (AMQUA) meeting abstracts; Bozeman; Montana; p. 1.
Alwin; J.A.; and W.F. Scott; 1970: Clastic Dikes of the Touchet Beds; Southeastern Washington - Northwest Science; v. 44; p. 58.
Atwater; B.F.; 1983a; Guidebook for 1983 Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip to the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-456; 19 p.
Atwater; B.F.; 1983b: Jkulhlaups into the Sanpoil Arm of Glacial Lake Columbia; Washington; Day 1; Friday; August 26; 1983 - in Friends of the Pleistocene; Guidebook for Field Trip of Rocky Mountain Cell; Aug. 26-28; 1983.
Atwater; B.F.; 1984a: Number; Frequency; and Relative Magnitude of Last-Glacial Floods from Pleistocene Lake Missoula; MontanaEvidence from the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 65; no. 45; p. 893.
Atwater; B.F.; 1984b: Periodic Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula into the Sanpoil Arm of Glacial Lake Columbia; Northeastern Washington - Geology; v. 12; p. 464-467.
Atwater; B.F.; 1986: Pleistocene Glacial Lake Deposits of the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1661; 39p.
Atwater; B.F.; 1987: Status of Glacial Lake Columbia During the Last Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula - Quaternary Research; v. 27; p. 182-201.
Atwater; B.F.; G.A. Smith; and R.B. Waitt; 2000: The Channeled Scabland: Back to Bretz? Comments - Geology; v. 28; p. 574-576; scroll to and click on200062
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Zuffa; G.G.; W.R. Normark; F. Serra; and C.A. Brunner; 2000: Turbidite Megabeds in an Oceanic Rift Valley Recording Jokulhlaups of Late Pleistocene Glacial Floods of the Western United States - Journal of Geology; v. 108; p. 253-274.

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[wptabtitle]Tech Papers – by Title A-Z[/wptabtitle] [wptabcontent] This reference list was originally compiled by Bruce Bjornstad – 2008, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory – with occasional updates and additions. Most of these works are located in libraries at colleges and universities that offer courses in the earth sciences. Almost all of the items should be available through interlibrary loan, by placing a request at a public library.

3-D Lithofacies Mapping of Ice-Age Floods deposits in a Portion of the Hanford Nuclear Site - Bush; D.A.; C. Murray; and G.V. Last; 2005; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 37; no. 7; p. 148.
A Channeled Scabland Update - Whitmer; J.H.; 1984; Geological Society of the Oregon Country Geological Newsletter; v. 50; no. 11; p. 91-92.
A Community Effort to Follow the Pathways of the Glacial Lake Missoula Floods - Smyers; N.B.; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-24.
A Computer Model of Catastrophic Paleofloods - Berzins; A. D.; and R.G. Craig; 1989; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 70; no. 20; p. 604.
A Late-Glacial Outburst Flood from Glacial Lake Carbon; Washington State; USA - Goldstein; B.S.; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-24.
A Radiocarbon Limiting Date for Scabland Flooding - Fryxell; R.; 1962; Northwest Science; v. 36; p. 113-119.
A Small Mammal Fauna from the Touchet Beds of Walla Walla County; Washington - Spencer; P.K.; 1989; Northwest Science; v. 63; p. 167-174.
About Forty Last-Glacial Lake Missoula Jkulhlaups through Southern Washington - Waitt; R.B.; 1980; Journal of Geology; v. 88; p. 653-679; abstract available online at http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/Glaciers/IceSheets/Waitt80JG/abstract.html
Advance of the Late Wisconsin Cordilleran Ice Sheet in Southern British Columbia Since 22;000 Yr. BP - Clague; J.J.; J.E. Armstrong and W.H. Mathews; 1980; Quaternary Research; v. 13; p. 322-326.
Aerial Field Guide - Nummedal; D.; 1978b; in Baker; V.R.; and D. Nummedal; eds.; The Channeled Scabland. National Aeronautic and Space Administration; p. 169-171.
Age of the Last Major Scabland Flood of the Columbia Plateau in Eastern Washington - Mullineaux; D. R.; R. E. Wilcox; W. F. Ebaugh; R. Fryxell; and M. Rubin; 1978; Quaternary Research; v. 10; p. 171-180.
Air View Documentation of the Erosional and Depositional Features of the Spokane Flood - Weis; P.L.; 1973; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 5; no. 1; p. 120-121.
Alternate Hypotheses for Channeled Scabland - Bretz; J H.; 1928c; Journal of Geology; v.36; p. 193-223; 312-341.
An Ice Age Lake in the Columbia Basin: New Evidence - Gustafson; C.E.; 1976; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 8; no. 3; p. 377
An Investigation of Bergmounds as Analogs to Erosion Control Factors on Protective Barriers - Chamness; M.A.; 1993; PNL-8841; Pacific Northwest Laboratory; Richland; Washington.
An Investigation of Sedimentary Stratigraphy near Lamona; Washington; and its Relation to the Bretz Hypothesis for the Development of the Channeled Scabland Topography of the Columbia Plateau [abstract] - Booth; C.; 1971: Association of Pacific Coast Geographers Yearbook; v. 33; p. 176.
An Overdeepened Glaciated Basin; Lake Pend Oreille; Northern Idaho
Analysis of Plan-View Geometry of Clastic Dike Networks in Missoula Flood Slackwater Sediments (Touchet Beds) Southeastern Washington - Silver; M.H.; and K.R. Pogue; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-24.
Ancient Floods; Modern HazardsPrinciples and Applications of Paleoflood Hydrology - House; P.K.; R.H. Webb; V.R. Baker; and D.R. Levish; eds.; 2002; American Geophysical Union; Water Science and Application; v. 5; 385 p.
Bars of Channeled Scabland - Bretz; J H.; 1928a; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 39; p. 643-702.
Bedrock Configuration and Altitude; Red Rock Pass; Outlet of Lake Bonneville; Southeastern Idaho - Williams; J.S.; and J.H. Milligan; 1968; University of Wyoming Contributions to Geology; v. 7; no. 1; p. 67-72.
Bergmound in the Walla Walla Valley near the Washington-Oregon Border - Bartlett; C.D.; 1995; Whitman College B.A. Thesis.
Bergmounds along the Western Margin of the Channeled Scablands; South-Central Washington
BergmoundsA Depositional or Erosional Feature? - Chamness; M.A.; 1994; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 26; no. 7; p. A-307.
Beyond the Channeled Scabland; A Field Trip to Missoula Flood Features in the Columbia; Yakima; and Walla Walla Valleys of Washington and Oregon; Part 1
Beyond the Channeled Scabland: A Field Trip to Missoula Flood Features in the Columbia; Yakima; and Walla Walla Valleys of Washington and Oregon; Part 2; Field Trip; Day One
Bonneville Flood Deposits along the Snake River near Lewiston; Idaho - Swanson; E.C.; 1984; Washington State University Masters thesis; 74 p.
Bonneville Flood Gravels below Hells Canyon Dam - Webster; G.D.; 1980; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 12; no. 3; p. 159.
Bretzs Flood Hypothesis (1923-1932) - Bretz; J H.; H. T. U. Smith; and G. E. Neff; 1964; in R. Fryxell; and E.F. Cook; eds.; A Field Guide to the Loess Deposits and Channeled Scablands of the Palouse Area; Eastern Washington; Washington State University; Division of Archaeological Geochronology; p. 9-11.
Bretzs flood hypothesis (1923-1932) Summary - Bretz; J H.; H.T.U. Smith and G.E. Neff; 1963; Xi Transactions; v. 1; no. 1; p. 27-30.
Buried Megaripples at the Hanford Site; Benton County; Washington - Lewis; R.E.; B.N. Bjornstad; and S.S. Teel; 1993; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 25; no. 6; p. A-67.
Case for Periodic; Colossal Jkulhlaups from Pleistocene Glacial Lake Missoula - Waitt; R.B.; 1985b; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 96; p. 1271-1286; abstract available online at http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/Glaciers/IceSheets/Waitt85GSA/abstract.html
Cataclysmic Late Pleistocene Flooding from Glacial Lake Missoula - Baker; V.R.; and R.C. Bunker; 1985; A Review in Quaternary Science Reviews; v. 4; p. 1-41.
Catastrophic Flood Sediments in Chryse Basin; Mars; and Quincy Basin; Washington; Application of Sandar Facies Model - Rice; J.W.; Jr.; and K.S. Edgett; 1997; Journal of Geophysical Research; E; Planets; v.102; no.2; p.4185-4200.
Catastrophic Flood Surging Represented in the Touchet Beds of the Walla Walla River Valley; Washington - Bjornstad; B. N.; 1982; American Quaternary Association (AMQUA); Program with Abstracts; 7th Biennial Conference; Seattle; Washington; p. 72.
Catastrophic Flooding along the Northern Borderlands of the Columbia Plateau - Kiver; E.P.; and D.F. Stradling; 1986; Northwest Scientific Association; 59th Annual Meeting; abstract no. 110.
Catastrophic Flooding in the Badger Coulee Area; South-central Washington - Bunker; R.C.; 1980a; University of Texas Masters thesis; 184 p.
Catastrophic Flooding; The Origin of the Channeled Scabland - Baker; V.R.; ed.; 1981b; Benchmark Papers in Geology; v. 55; Dowden; Hutchinson & Ross; Stroudsburg; Pennsylvania; 360 p.
Channeled Scabland and the Spokane Flood - Bretz; J H.; 1927a; Washington Academy of Sciences Journal; v. 17; p. 200-211. [Abstract; with discussion by W.C. Alden; J. Gilluly; E.T. McKnight; G.R. Mansfield; O.E. Meinzer and J.T. Pardee]
Channeled Scabland and the Spokane Flood: Discussion - Gilluly; J.C.; 1927; Washington Academy of Sciences Journal; v. 17; no. 8; p. 203-205.
Channeled Scabland and the Spokane Flood: Discussion - Meinzer; O.E.; 1927; Washington Academy of Sciences Journal; v. 17; no. 8; p. 207-208. Meyer; S.E.; 1999; Depositional History of Pre-Late and Late Wisconsin Outburst Flood Deposits in Northern Washington and Idaho; Analysis of Flood Paths and Provenance; Washington State University Masters thesis; 91 p.
Channeled Scabland and the Spokane Flood: Discussion - Alden; W.C.; 1927; Washington Academy of Sciences Journal; v. 17; no. 8; p. 203.
Channeled Scabland of Washington: New Data and Interpretations - Bretz; J H.; H. T. U. Smith; and G. E. Neff; 1956; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 67; p. 957-1049.
Characterization and Proposed Formalization (Hanford Formation) for Ice-Age Flood Deposits Within the Pacific Northwest - Bjornstad; B.N.; G.V. Last; S.P. Reidel; G.G. Horton; K.R. Fecht; G.A. Smith; and K.A. Lindsey; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-24.
Chronology of Glacial Lake Missoula FloodsPaleomagnetic Evidence from Pleistocene Lake Sediments Near Clark Fork; Idaho - Breckenridge; R.M.; and K.L. Othberg; 1998; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 30; no. 6; p. 5.
Chronology of Missoula Flood Deposits at the Coyote Canyon Mammoth Site, Washington State, USA - Last, George V. and Tammy M. Rittenour, 2021, Quaternary 4(3), 20
Clastic Dikes of Eastern Washington and Their Geologic Significance - Jenkins; O.P.; 1925a; American Journal of Science; v. 10; p. 234-246.
Clastic Dikes of the Columbia Basin Region; Washington and Idaho - Lupher; R.L.; 1944; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 55; p. 1431-1462.
Clastic Dikes of the Pasco Basin; Southeastern Washington - Black; R.F.; 1979; RHO-BWI-C-64; Rockwell Hanford Operations; Richland; Washington; 65p.
Clastic Dikes of the Touchet Beds; Southeastern Washington - Alwin; J.A.; and W.F. Scott; 1970; Northwest Science; v. 44; p. 58.
Clastic Injection Dikes of the Pasco Basin and Vicinity: Geologic Atlas Series - Fecht; K.R.; B.N. Bjornstad; D.G. Horton; G.V. Last; S.P. Reidel; and K.A. Lindsey; 1999; BHI-01103; Rev. 0; Bechtel Hanford Company; Richland; Washington.
Clustered Streamlined forms in Athabasca Valles; Mars: Evidence for Sediment Deposition During Floodwater Ponding - Burr; D.; 2005; Geomorphology; v. 69; p. 242-252.
COCORP Deep Seismic Reflection Traverse of the Interior of the North American Cordillera; Washington and Idaho: Implications for Orogenic Evolution - Potter; C.J.; W.E. Sanford; T.R. Yoos; E.I. Prussen; R.W. Keach; J.E. Oliver; S. Kaufman and L.D. Brown; 1986; Tectonics; v. 5; p. 1007-1025.
Columbia Basin Project - In Vol. 1 of Engineering Geology in Washington; Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources; Bulletin No. 78; p. 535-563.
Columbia River Gorge: The Geologic Evolution of the Columbia River in Northwestern Oregon and Southwestern Washington - Beeson; M.H.; 1987; in Hill; M.L.; ed.; Centennial Field Guide Volume 1; Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America.
Comparison of the Hydraulics of Water Flows in Martian Outflow Channels with Flows of Similar Scale on Earth - Komar; P.D.; 1979; Icarus; v. 37; p. 156-181.
Cordilleran Ice Sheet glaciation of the Puget Lowland and Columbia Plateau and alpine glaciation of the North Cascade Range; Washington - Easterbrook; D.J.; 2003; in Easterbrook; D.J.; ed.; Quaternary Geology of the United States; INQUA 2003 Field Guide Volume; Desert Research Institute; Reno; NV; p. 265-286.
Correlation of Distal Tephra Layers in Loess in the Channeled Scabland and Palouse of Washington State - Busacca; A.J.; K.T. Nelstead; E.V. McDonald; and M.D. Purser; 1992; Quaternary Research; v. 37; p. 281-303.
Correlation of Flood Deposits Containing St. Helens Set S Ashes and the Stratigraphic Position of St. Helens J and Glacier Peak Ashes; Central Washington - Moody; U.L.; 1977; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 9; no. 7; p. 1098-1099.
Correlation of Pre-Late Wisconsin Catastrophic Glacial Flood Deposits; Walla Walla County; Washington - Spencer; P.K.; and S. Gilk; 1999; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 31; no. 6; p. A-97.
Cosmogenic Burial Dating and Magnetostratigraphy of Early to Mid-Pleistocene Missoula Flood Sediments; Hanford; WA - Pluhar; C.J.; G. Stock; R.C. Finkel; R.S. Anderson; R.S. Coe; S.P. Reidel; and B.N. Bjornstad; 2003; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 7; p. 217.
Cosmogenic Nuclide Evidence for Missoula Floods Older than 35 ka - Phillips; W.M.; 1995; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 76; no. 46; Supplement; p. F689.
Deep-Sea Sedimentary Record of the Late Wisconsin Cataclysmic Floods from the Columbia River - Brunner; C.A.; W.R. Normark; G.G. Zuffa; and F. Serra; 1999; Geology; v. 27; no. 5; p. 463-466.
Die Grand Coulee - Oestreich; K.; 1915; American Geographical Society Memorial Volume of the Transcontinental Excursion of 1912; American Geographical Society Special Publication No. 1; p. 259-273.
Discovery in Eastern Washington of a New Lobe of the Pleistocene Continental Glacier - Hobbs; W. H.; 1943; Science; v. 98; p. 227-230.
Dry Falls of the Channeled Scabland; Washington - Baker; V.R.; 1987; in Hill; M.L.; ed.; Cordilleran Section of the Geological Society of America; Centennial Field Guide 1; p. 369-372.
Dynamics of a Missoula Flood - Craig; R.G.; 1987; in Mayer; L.; and D. Nash; eds.; Catastrophic Flooding; Allen and Unwin; London; p. 305-332.
Dynamics of Lake Missoula Jkulhlaups in the Scablands of Washington - Craig; R.G.; and G.L. Underberg; 1984; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 16; no. 6; p. 478.
Early to Middle Pleistocene Catastrophic Flood Deposits; The Dalles; Oregon - Cordero; D.I.; 1997; Portland State University M.S. thesis; 162 p.
Eastward-Flowing Glacial Lake Missoula Outburst Floods in the Spokane Valley? - Ali; A.; K. Boreson; D.J. Howard; B.L. Siegmund; E.N.J. St. Godard; J.P. Buchanan.; 1989; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 21; no. 5; p. 50.
Encyclopedia of Volcanoes -
Sigurdsen, Haraldar; Bruce F. Houghton, Stephen R. McNutt, Hazel Rymer, John Stix; 2020; Academic Press
Energy Expenditure and Geomorphic Work of the Cataclysmic Missoula Flooding in the Columbia River Gorge; USA - Benito; G. 1997; Earth Science Processes and Landforms; v. 22; p. 457-472.
Engineering geology in the central Columbia River valley - Badger; T.C. and R.W. Galster; 2003; in Swanson; T.W.; ed.; Field Guide 4: Western Cordillera and Adjacent Areas; Geological Society of America; Boulder; Colorado; p. 159-176.
Engineering Geology of Major Dams on the Columbia River - Galster; R.W.; A.S. Imrie; J.W. Sager; and F.J. Miklancic; 1989; American Geophysical Union; IGC Field Trip Guidebooks Series; no. T382.
Erosion and Infill of New York Finger Lakes: Implications for Laurentide Ice Sheet Deglaciation - Mullins; H.T.; and E.J. Hinchey; 1989; Geology; v.17; p. 622-625.
Erosion by Catastrophic Floods on Mars and Earth - Baker; V.R.; and D.J. Milton; 1974; Icarus; v. 23; p. 27-41.
Erosion Potential from Missoula Floods in the Pasco Basin; Washington - Craig; R.G.; and J.P. Hanson; 1985; PNL-5684; Pacific Northwest Laboratory; Richland; Washington; 266 p.
Erosional and Depositional Features of the Spokane Flood - Weis; P.L.; 1976; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 8; no. 3; p. 419.
Erosional Forms and Processes for the Catastrophic Pleistocene Missoula Floods in Eastern Washington - Baker; V.R.; 1973b; in Morisawa; M.; ed.; Fluvial Geomorphology: Publications in Geomorphology; State University of New York; Binghamton; New York; p. 123-148.
Erratic Behavior on Rattlesnake Mountain; Hanford Reach National Monument; South-Central Washington - Bjornstad; B.N.; E.M. Jennett; J. Gaston; and G. Kleinknecht; 2003; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; p. 217.
Evidence for Catastrophic Subglacial Flooding in the Okanagan Valley; British Columbia; A Possible Alternative Water Source for the Formation of the Channeled Scablands? - Lesemann; J.E.; and J. Shaw; 2000; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; Rocky Mountain Section; v. 32; no. 5; p. 15.
Evidence for Dozens of Stupendous Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula in Eastern Washington; Idaho; and Montana - Waitt; R.B.; 1987; in Hill; M.L.; ed.; Centennial Field Guide 1; Trip #77; Geological Society of America; p. 345-350.
Evidence for Ice Dams and Floods in the Purcell TrenchTrip A - Breckenridge; R.M.; 1989e; in Joseph; N. L.; and others; eds.; Geologic Guidebook for Washington and Adjacent Areas; Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 86; p. 309-320.
Evidence for Pre-Late Wisconsin Cataclysmic Floods on the Columbia Plateau Interpreted from the Loess Record - McDonald; E.V.; A.J. Busacca; and K. Nelstead; 1987; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 19; p. 430.
Evidence for the Spillover of Lake Bonneville; Southeastern Utah - Bright; R.C.; and H.T. Ore; 1987; in Bues; S.S.; ed.; GSA Centennial Field Guide; Rocky Mountain Section; Geological Society of America; p. 143-146.
Evidence for Two Outburst Floods of Non-Missoula Origin in NE Washington State - Peters; E.K.; 2003; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 7; p. 217.
Evidence of Lake Bonneville Flood along Snake River below King Hill; Idaho - Stearns; H.T.; 1962; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 73; p. 385-387.
Evidence of Multiple Late-Wisconsin Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula in Badger Coulee; Washington - Bunker; R.C.; 1982; Quaternary Research; v. 18; p. 17-31.
Evidence of the Last Catastrophic Missoula Flood in Northern Idaho and Adjacent Washington - Conners; J. A.; 1978; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 10; no. 5; p. 213-214.
Extensive Deposits on the Pacific Plate from Late Pleistocene North American Glacial lake Outbursts - Normark; W.R.; and J.A. Reid; 2003; Journal of Geology; v. 111; p. 617-637.
Extensive Turbidite Deposits on the Pacific Plate Generated by Outbursts from Glacial Lake Missoula - Normark; W.R.; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-25.
Extremely Fast Sedimentation Rates at Escanaba Trough (Gorda Ridge) May be Related to Glacier Outburst Floods - Brunner; C.A.; G.G. Zuffa; and J.M. Bahr; 1997; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 78; no. 46; Supplement; p. F363.
Field Trip Guide to the Geology of the Pasco Basin and Surrounding Area; South-Central Washington - Reidel; S. P.; K.A. Lindsey; and T.L. Tolan; 1991; Pacific Northwest American Geophysical Union; 38th Annual Meeting; sponsored by Washington State University-TriCities; Richland; Washington; 42 p.
Field Trip Guide to the Hanford Site - Reidel; S. P.; K. A. Lindsey; and K. R. Fecht; 1992; WHC-MR-0391; Westinghouse Hanford Company; Richland; Washington.
Field Trip Stop Descriptions - Nummedal; D.; 1978a; in Baker; V.R.; and D. Nummedal; eds.; The Channeled Scabland; National Aeronautic and Space Administration; p. 131-168.
Field Trips Accompanying the Mars Pathfinder Landing Site II WorkshopChanneled Scabland and Lake Missoula Break-Out Areas in Washington and Idaho - Edgett; K.S.; J.W. Rice; and V.R. Baker; eds.; 1995; in Golombek; M.P.; K.S. Edgett; J.W. Rice; eds.; Mars Pathfinder Landing Site Workshop IICharacteristics of the Ares Vallis Region and Field Trips in the Channeled Scabland; Washington; Lunar and Planetary Institute Technical Report 95-01; Part 1; p. 31-63.
Fjords: Processes and Products - Syvitski; J.P.M.; D.C. Burrell and J.M. Skei; 1987; Springer-Verlag; 379 p.
Flints Fill Hypothesis for Channeled Scabland. - Allison; I.S.; 1941; Journal of Geology; v. 49; p. 54-73.
Flood and Megaflood Processes and Products: Recent and Ancient Examples - Martini; I.P.; V.R. Baker and G. Guillermina; eds.; 2002; Special Publication No. 32; International Association of Sedimentologists; Blackwell Science; Oxford; 312p.
Flood Geomorphology - Baker; V.R.; Kochel; R.C.; and P.C. Patton; 1988; eds.; Wiley; 503p.
Forty Late-Wisconsin Catastrophic Lake Missoula Backfloodings of Walla Walla and Lower Yakima Valleys - Waitt; R.B.; 1979; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 11; no. 3; p. 133.
Frequent Outburst Floods from South Tahoma Glacier; Mount Rainier; U.S.A.Relation to Debris Flows; Meteorological Origin and Implications for Subglacial Hydrology - Walder; J. S.; and C. L. Driedger; 1995; Journal of Glaciology; v. 41; no. 137; p. 1-10.
From the Scabland to MarsPreparing for the Pathfinder Mission - Magee; K.; 1996; Planetary Report; v. 26; no. 2; p. 10-14.
Geochemical Heterogeneity Associated with Sedimentary FaciesFlood Deposits of Pleistocene Glacial Lake Missoula - Pickering; M.J.; R.M. Allen-King; and D.R. Gaylord; 1998; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 79; no. 45; Supplement; p. F255.
Geochemical Stratigraphy of Missoula Flood Rhythmites - Percy; D.C.; M.H. Beeson; D.H. James; B.J. Haug; F. Nouzillier; S. Cowburn; T.L. Tolan; and S.F. Burns; 1998; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 30; no. 5; p. 59.
Geologic and Neotectonic Evaluation of North-central Oregon: The Dalles - Bela; J.L.; 1982; Geologic and Neotectonic Evaluation of North-central Oregon: The Dalles 10 X 20 Quadrangle; GMS-27; Geologic Map Series; Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries; Portland; Oregon.
Geologic Evolution of the Northwestern United States and Catastrophic Events in the Columbia River Basin - Eronen; M.; 1984; Terra; v. 96; no. 2; p. 95-106. [Finnish]
Geologic Field Trip from Pendleton to the Columbia River and Palouse Falls - Moore; G.W.; 1993; NSS [Nat. Speleological Soc.] Convention Guidebook; p. 14-22.
Geologic Field Trips in Western Oregon and Southwestern Washington - Oles; K. F.; J. G. Johnson; A. R. Niem; and W. A. Niem; eds.; 1980; Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries; Bulletin 101.
Geologic History of Pend Oreille Lake Region in North Idaho - Savage; C.N.; 1965; Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology; Pamphlet 134.
Geologic Roadlog from Spokane; Washington to Grand Coulee and Dry Falls - Kiver; E.P.; and D.F. Stradling; 1999; Eastern Washington University.
Geological Excursions in the Pacific Northwest - Brown; E. H.; and R.C. Ellis; eds.; 1977; Geological Society of America; 1977 Annual Meeting; pub. by Western Washington University; 414 p.
Geology and Water Resources of a Portion of East-Central Washington - Calkins; F.C.; 1905; U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 118; 96 p.
Geology and Wine 6. Terroir of Red Mountain Appellation; central Washington State; U.S.A. - Meinert; L.D. and A.J. Busacca; 2002; Geoscience Canada; v. 29; no. 4; p. 149-168.
Geology of Parts of Grant; Adams; and Franklin Counties; East-central Washington - Grolier; M.J.; and J.W. Bingham; 1978; Washington Dept. of Natural Resources; Division of Geology and Earth Resources; Bulletin No. 71.
Geology of Portland; Oregon; and Adjacent Areas - Trimble; D. E.; 1963; U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1119.
Geology of Steamboat Rock; Grand Coulee; Washington - Crosby; C.J.; and R.J. Carson; 1999; Washington Geology; v. 27; no. 2;3;4; p. 3-8.
Geology of the Vantage Area; South-Central Washington: An Introduction to the Miocene Flood Basalts; Yakima Fold Belt; and the Channeled Scabland - Carson; R.J; T.L. Tolan; and S.P. Reidel; 1987; in Hill; M.L.; ed.; GSA Centennial Field Guide 1. Geological Society of America; p. 357-362.
Geology of the Wallula Gap area; Washington - Gardner; J.N.; M.G. Snow and K.R. Fecht; 1981; RHO-BWI-LD-9; Rockwell Hanford Operations; Richland; Washington.
Geomorphic Change Caused by Outburst Floods and Debris Flows at Mount Rainier; Washington; with Emphasis on Tahoma Creek Valley - Walder; J. S.; and C.L. Driedger; 1994; U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4093.
Geomorphic Evolution of the Columbia Plain and River - Waitt; R.B.; and D.A. Swanson; 1987; in Graf; W.L.; ed.; Geomorphic Systems of North America; Geological Society of America Centennial Special Volume 2; p. 403-416.
Geomorphology of the Northern Columbia Plateau - Stradling; D.F. and E.P. Kiver; 1984; in Folsom; M. M.; ed.; Northern Columbia Plateau LandscapesNarrative and Field Guide; Eastern Washington University Press; p. 24-30.
Glacial and Multiple Flood History of the Northern BorderlandsTrip B - Kiver; E.P.; D.F. Stradling; and U.L. Moody; 1989d; in Joseph; N. L.; and others; eds.; Geologic Guidebook for Washington and Adjacent Areas; Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Information Circular 86; p. 321-335.
Glacial anticyclone recorded in Palouse loess of northwestern United States - Sweeney; M.R.; A.J. Busacca; C.A. Richardson; M. Blinnikov and E.C. McDonald; 2004; Geology; v. 32; no. 8; p. 705-708.
Glacial Drainage on the Columbia Plateau - Bretz; J H.; 1923a; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 34; p. 573-608.
Glacial Erratics in the Willamette Valley - Allison; I.S.; 1935; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 46; p. 605-632.
Glacial Features of the Southern Okanogan Region - Flint; R.F.; 1935; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 46; p. 169-194.
Glacial Geology of Grand Coulee Dam - Flint; R.F.; and W.H. Irwin; 1939; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 50; p. 661-680.
Glacial Imprints of the Okanogan Lobe; Southern Margin of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet - Kovanen; D.J.; and O. Slaymaker; 2004; Journal of Quaternary Science; v. 19; p. 547-565.
Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland - Hanshaw; P.M.; 1989; American Geophysical Union Field Trip Guide Book; Volume T310.
Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland: Missoula; Montana to Portland; Oregon; July 20-26; 1989 - Breckenridge; R.M.; ed.; 1989b; American Geophysical Union; 28th International Geological Congress; Field Trip Guidebook T310; 72 p.
Glacial Lake Missoula; Its Catastrophic Flood and the Loesses and Soils of the Columbia Plateau; Part F - Richmond; G.M.; R. Fryxell; P. L. Weis; G. E. Neff; and D. E. Trimble; 1965a; in Guidebook for Field Conference E; Northern and Middle Rocky Mountains; International Association for Quaternary Research; 7th Congress; pub. by Nebraska Academy of Science; p. 68-89.
Glacial Lake Missoula; Sedimentary Evidence for Multiple Drainages - Chambers; R.L.; and R.R. Curry; 1989; in Breckenridge; R.M.; ed.; Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland: Missoula; Montana to Portland; Oregon; July 20-26; 1989; American Geophysical Union; 28th International Geological Congress; Field Trip Guidebook T310; p. 3-11.
Glacial Lake Missoula/Clark Fork Ice DamA Digital Model [abstract] - Breckenridge; R.M.; and L.R. Stanford; 1995; in Golombek; M. P.; K. S. Edgett; J. W. Rice; Jr.; eds.; Mars Pathfinder Landing Site Workshop II; Characteristics of the Ares Vallis Region and Field Trips in the Lunar and Planetary Institute Technical Report 95-01; Part 2; p. 33-34. Channeled Scabland; Washington.
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Glacial Phenomena in Okanogan County; Washington - Dawson; W.L.; 1898; American Geologist; v. 22; p. 203-217.
Glacial Work in the Western Mountains in 1901 - Salisbury; R.D.; 1901; Journal of Geology; v. 9; p. 721-724.
Glaciation and Catastrophic Flooding of the Columbia Plateau; Washington - Easterbrook; D.J.; V.R. Baker; and R.B. Waitt; 1977; in Brown; E.H. and R.C. Ellis; eds.; Geological Excursions in the Pacific Northwest. Geological Society of America; p. 390-414.
Glaciation and Catastrophic Flooding of the Columbia Plateau; Washington; Part 3; Columbia Valley - Waitt; R.B.; 1977b; in Brown; E. H.; and R. C. Ellis; eds.; Geological Excursions in the Pacific Northwest; Geological Society of America; 1977 Annual Meeting; Seattle; pub. by Western Washington University; p. 411-412.
Glaciation and Catastrophic Floodings of the Columbia Plateau; Washington; Part 2; Lake Missoula Flooding and the Channeled Scabland - Baker; V.R.; 1977; in Brown; E. H.; and R. C. Ellis; eds.; Geological Excursions in the Pacific Northwest; Geological Society of America 1977 Annual Meeting; pub. by Western Washington University Press; p. 399-411.
Glaciation of the Puget Sound Region - Bretz, J Harlen, 1913, Washington Geological Survey, Bulletin No. 8
Glacier Outburst Floods in the Pacific Northwest - Richardson; D.; 1968; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 600-D; p. D79-D86.
Grand Coulee and Drumheller Channels Geologic Tour - Waitt; R.B.; and B. Cunderla; 1999; Ice Age Floods Institute (IAFI) Annual Meeting; Field Trip Guidebook; Moses Lake; Washington; October 14; 1999.
Grand Coulee Dam - Behrens; G.W.; and P.J. Hansen. 1989; in Joseph; N.L.; ed.; Geologic Guidebook for Washington and Adjacent Areas; Information Circular; Washington Dept. of Natural Resources; Division of Geology and Earth Resources; p. 355-369.
Gravel Deposits in the Pasco Basin and the Pleistocene-Age Catastrophic Floods - Brown; R.E.; 1983; in Engineering Geology and Soils Engineering Symposium; 20th; Proceedings: Idaho Transportation Dept.; p. 287-293.
Ground-water Occurrence and Movement in the Athol Area and the Northern Rathdrum Prairie - Hammond; R.E.; 1974; Northern Idaho; Idaho Dept. of Water Administration; Water Information Bulletin 35.
Guidebook for 1983 Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip to the Sanpoil River Valley - Atwater; B.F.; 1983a; Northeastern Washington; U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 83-456; 19 p.
Guidebook to Quaternary Geology of the Columbia; Wenatchee; Peshastin; and Upper Yakima Valleys; West-Central Washington - Waitt; R.B.; 1977c; U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-753; 25 p.
Hydraulic Injection of Clastic Dikes in the Touchet Beds; Washington; Oregon; and Idaho - Newcomb; R.C.; 1962; Geological Society of the Oregon Country Geological Newsletter; v. 28; p. 70.
Hydraulic Modeling for Paleoflood Analysis - Baker; V.R.; R.C. Kochel; and P.C. Patton; eds.; Flood Geomorphology; John Wiley & Sons; p. 393-402.
Hydraulics and Geomorphic Features of Late Pleistocene Missoula Flooding in the Columbia River Gorge
Hydrology; Hydraulics and Geomorphology of the Bonneville Flood
Ice Age Floods Study of Alternatives and Environmental Assessment Following the Pathways of the Glacial Lake Missoula Floods - Jones & Jones; 2001; under contract to the U.S. National Park Service; Seattle; Washington; 1 v..
Ice Age Floods in the Spokane and Cheney Area; Washington - Kiver; E.P and D.F. Stradling; 2001; Ice Age Floods Institute (IAFI) Annual Meeting; Field Trip Guidebook; Spokane; Washington; October 20; 2001.
Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail: Commentary - Bjornstad; B.N.; 2005; GSA Today; v. 15; p. 22.
Ice-Age Floods Features in the Vicinity of the Pasco Basin and Hanford Reach National Monument - Bjornstad; B.N.; and K.R. Fecht; 2002; Ice Age Floods Institute (IAFI) Annual Meeting; Field Trip Guidebook; Tri-Cities; Washington; October 19; 2002.
Ice-Dam Margins in the Lower Clark Fork Valley; Idaho and Montana - Breckenridge; R.M.; 1991; 38th Pacific Northwest American Geophysical Union meeting; Abstracts with Program; Richland; Washington; p. 11.
Influence of Pleistocene Glacial Outburst Deposits on Engineering in the Portland Metropolitan Area; Oregon-Washington; USA Why Understanding the Characteristics of Glacial Outburst Deposits is Important - Scofield; D.H.; 2004; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 36; no. 5; p. 517.
Introduction - Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland: Missoula; Montana to Portland; Oregon; July 20-26; 1989; - Breckenridge; R.M.; 1989c; in Breckenridge; R.M.; ed.; American Geophysical Union; 28th International Geological Congress; Field Trip Guidebook T310; p. 1-2.
Introduction: in Catastrophic Flooding; The Origin of the Channeled Scabland - Bretz; J H.; 1978; repr. 1981; Baker; V.R.; ed.; Dowden; Hutchinson and Ross Benchmark Papers in Geology 55; p. 18-19.
Inundation map; ice-rafted erratics; and deposits of Late Pleistocene Missoula floods in the Portland Basin and Willamette Valley; Oregon and Washington
Jkulhlaups into the Sanpoil Arm of Glacial Lake Columbia; Washington; Day 1; Friday; August 26; 1983 - Atwater; B.F.; 1983b; in Friends of the Pleistocene; Guidebook for Field Trip of Rocky Mountain Cell; Aug. 26-28; 1983.
Journal of an Exploring Tour beyond the Rocky Mountains - Parker; S.; 1838; privately published; Auburn; New York.
K-12 Educator Involvement in the Mars Pathfinder Field Trips in the Channeled Scabland of Washington and Idaho - Edgett; K.S.; 2000; Journal of Geoscience Education; v. 48; no. 2; p. 150-160.
Lake Missoula and the Spokane Flood [abstract] - Bretz; J H.; 1930b; Pan-American Geologist; v. 53; no. 22 p. 135.
Lake Missoula Floods and the Channeled Scabland - Kiver; E.P.; 1989; in Joseph; N.L.; ed.; Geologic Guidebook for Washington and Adjacent Areas. Information Circular; Washington Dept. of Natural Resources; Division of Geology and Earth Resources; p. 307-308.
Lake Missoula Floods and the Glacier Record along the Spokane and Upper Columbia Rivers - Kiver; E.P. and D.F. Stradling; 1989a; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 21; no. 5; p. 102.
Lake Pleistocene Flood Deposits in the Portland Area - Stauffer; J.; 1956; Geological Society of Oregon Country Newsletter; v. 22; no. 3; p. 21-31.
Large-scale Erosional and Depositional Features of the Channeled Scabland. - Baker; V.R.; 1978b; In Baker; V.R.; and D. Nummedal; eds.; The Channeled Scabland. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; p. 81-115.
Large-Scale Erosional and Depositional Features of the Spokane Flood - Weis; P.L.; 1977; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 9; no. 7; p. 1220.
Large-Scale Foreset; Boulder-Gravel Beds in the Lower Spokane River Valley; Northeastern Washington - Peters; E.K.; D.R. Gaylord; and M. Pope; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-109.
Late Cenozoic Gravels in Hells Canyon and the Lewiston Basin; Washington and Idaho - Webster; G.D.; M.J.P. Kuhns; and G.L. Waggoner; 1982; in Bonnichsen; B.; and R.M. Breckenridge; eds.; Cenozoic Geology of Idaho; Bulletin 26; Idaho Bureau of Mines and Geology; p. 669-683.
Late Cenozoic Structure and Stratigraphy of South-Central Washington - Reidel; S. P.; N. P. Campbell; K. R. Fecht; and K. A. Lindsey; 1994; Bulletin 80; Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources; p. 159-180.
Late Pleistocene and Holocene-Age Columbia River Sediments and Bedforms: Hanford Reach Area; Washington; Part 1 - Fecht; K.R.; T.E. Marceau; B.N. Bjornstad; D.G. Horton; G.V. Last; R.E. Peterson; S.P. Reidel and M.M. Valenta; 2004; BHI-01648; Rev. 0; Bechtel Hanford; Inc.; Richland; Washington.
Late Pleistocene Floods and Landforms in the Spokane; Washington Area - Stradling; D.F.; E.P. Kiver; and J.G. Rigby; 1981; meeting abstracts; Association of Pacific Coast Geographers; 43rd Annual Meeting; Lake Tahoe; Nevada; p. 160.
Late Pleistocene Floods and Landforms in the Spokane; Washington Area [abstract] - Stradling; D.F.; E.P. Kiver; and J.G. Rigby; 1980; RHO-BWI-SA-61 A; Rockwell Hanford Operations; Richland; Washington; 2 p.
Late Pleistocene Fluvial Systems - Baker; V.R.; 1983; in Porter; S.C.; ed.; The Late Pleistocene; University of Minnesota Press; p. 115-129.
Late Pleistocene Sedimentation in Glacial Lake Missoula and Revised Glacial History of the Flathead Lobe of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet; Mission Valley; Montana - Levish; D.R.; 1997; PhD dissertation; University of Colorado; Boulder.
Late Pleistocene Sediments in the Willamette Valley - Allison; I.S.; 1978; The Ore Bin; v. 40; Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries; Portland; Oregon; p. 177-203.
Late Pleistocene Stratigraphy of South-central British Columbia - Fulton; R.J.; and G.W. Smith; 1978; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences; v. 15; p.
Late Quaternary Sedimentation and Geologic History of the North Willamette Valley - Glenn; J.L.; 1965; Oregon State University Ph.D. dissertation; 231p.
Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Chronology in Johnson Canyon; Central Washington - Cochran; B.D.; 1978; Washington State University Masters thesis; 81p.
Late Quaternary Stratigraphy of Loess in the Channeled Scabland and Palouse Regions of Washington State - McDonald; E.V.; and A.J. Busacca; 1992; Quaternary Research; v. 38; p. 141-156.
Late Quaternary Stratigraphy of the Channeled Scabland and Adjacent Area - Moody; U.L.; 1987; University of Idaho Ph.D. dissertation; 419p.
Late Quaternary Stratigraphy of the Channeled Scabland and Adjacent Areas - Kiver; E.P.; U.L. Moody; J.G. Rigby; and D.F. Stradling; 1991; in Baker; V.R.; and others; Quaternary Geology of the Columbia Plateau; in Morrison; R.B.; ed.; Quaternary Nonglacial Geology; Conterminous U.S.; DNAG [Decade of North Amer. Geology]; Geology of North America; Geological Society of America; v. K-2; p. 238-250.
Late Quaternary Stratigraphy of the Lind Coulee and Surrounding Area - Moody; U.L.; 1976; Northwest Scientific Association; 49th annual meeting abstracts; p.18.
Le Plateaux de Lave du Washington Central et la Grand Coulee
Long History of Pre-Wisconsin; Ice-Age Floods: Evidence from Southeastern Washington State - Bjornstad; B. N.; K. R. Fecht; and C.J. Pluhar; 2001; Journal of Geology; v. 109; p. 695-713.
Long Quaternary Record in Eastern Washington; USA; Interpreted from Multiple Buried Paleosols in Loess - Busacca; A.J. 1989; Geoderma; v. 45; p. 105-122.
Lower Glacial Lakes Missoula and Clark Fork Ice Dams - Breckenridge; R.M.; 1989d; in Breckenridge; R.M.; ed.; Glacial Lake Missoula and the Channeled Scabland: Missoula; Montana to Portland; Oregon; July 20-26; 1989; American Geophysical Union; 28th International Geological Congress; Field Trip Guidebook T310; p. 13-23.
Magnetostratigraphic evidence from the Cold Creek bar for onset of ice-age cataclysmic floods in eastern Washington during the Early Pleistocene - Pluhar; C.J.; B.N. Bjornstad; S.P. Reidel; R.S. Coe and P.B. Nelson; 2006; Quaternary Research; v. 65; p. 123-135.
Magnetostratigraphy of Early Pleistocene Cataclysmic Flood Deposits beneath the Hanford Site; East-Central Washington - Pluhar; C.J.; B.N. Bjornstad; R.S. Coe; and S.P. Reidel; 2000; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 32; no.7; p. A-173.
Magnitudes and Implications of Peak Discharges from Glacial Lake Missoula
Mars Pathfinder Landing Site Workshop II - Characteristics of the Ares Vallis Region and Field Trips in the Channeled Scabland; Washington - Golombek; M.P.; K.S. Edgett; and J.W. Rice; eds.; 1995; Lunar and Planetary Institute Technical Report 95-01; 2 v.
Massive Slumps Induced by Missoula Floods; Lewiston Basin; Idaho-Washington - Laval; W.N.; 1999; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 31; no. 7; p. 286.
Maximum Extent of Late Pleistocene Cordilleran Glaciation in Northeastern Washington and Northern Idaho - Weis; P.L.; and G.M. Richmond; 1965; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 525-C; p. C128-C132 .
Mechanism and Timing of Emplacement of Clastic Dikes in Touchet Beds of the Walla Walla Valley; South-Central Washington - Cooley; S.W.; B.K Pidduck; and K.R. Pogue; 1996; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 28; p. 57.
Mega Floods and Glaciation - Baker; V.R.; 1997; in Martini; I.P.; Late Glacial and Postglacial Environmental Changes; Oxford University Press; New York; p. 98-108.
Megafloods and global paleoenvironmental change on Mars and Earth - Baker; V.R.; 2003; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; p. 431.
Memories; Part 1: Some Recollections of a Geologist on Entering his 90th Year - Bretz; J H.; 1972; unpublished manuscript distributed by the University of Chicago; Dept. of Geophysical Sciences and J Harlen Bretz; 64p.
Memories; Part 2: Some Recollections of a Geologist on Entering his 90th Year - Bretz; J H.; 1973; unpublished manuscript distributed by the University of Chicago; Dept. of Geophysical Sciences and J Harlen Bretz; 136p.
Memories; Part 3: Some Recollections of a Geologist on Entering his 90th Year - Bretz; J H.; 1974; unpublished manuscript distributed by the University of Chicago; Dept. of Geophysical Sciences and J Harlen Bretz; 136p.
Microstratigraphy; Paleoecology; and Tephrochronology of the Lind Coulee Site; Central Washington - Moody; U.L.; 1978; Washington State University Ph.D. dissertation; 273p.
Missoula Flood Dynamics and Magnitudes Inferred from Sedimentology of Slack-Water Deposits on the Columbia Plateau - Smith; G.A.; 1993; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 195; p. 77-100.
Missoula Flood sans Okanogan Lobe - Waitt; R.B.; 1977a; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 9; p. 770.
Missoula Flooding in the Cheney-Palouse Scabland Tract: Terrestrial Analog to the Channeled Terrain of Mars - Baker; V.R.; and P.C. Patton; 1976; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 8; no. 3; p. 351-352.
Missoula Floods Eddy Bar with Giant Current Ripples; Lower Monumental Dam; Walla Walla County; Washington - Ott; R.M.; and R.J. Carson; 1996; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 28; no. 5; p. 98.
Missoula Floods in Portland-Vancouver Basin
Missoula Floods Virtual Field Trip for Earth Science Students Using Hyperstudio - Walker; T.C.; 1999; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 31; no. 4; p. 60.
Modelling Missoula Floods in the Pasco Basin; Washington - Hanson; J.P.; R.G. Craig; and G. Richard; 1985; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 17; no. 7; p. 603.
Modelling the Hydraulics of Flows and Sediment Transport of a Missoula Flood in the Pasco Basin; Washington - Hanson; J.P.; 1986; Kent State University M.S. thesis; 156 p.
Multiple Floods Many Times Over: The Record of Glacial Outburst Floods in Southeastern Washington - Jaffee; M.A.; and P.K. Spencer; 2000; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 32; no. 6; p. A-21.
Neotectonics of the Portland Basin; Possible Uplift and Offset of Latest Pleistocene Missoula Flood Deposits near Battle Ground; Washington - Howard; K.A.; R.J Blakely and R.A Haugerud; 2000; Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs; v. 32; no. 6; p. 20.
New Criteria for the Tectonic Evaluation of Faulted Late Pleistocene Slackwater Sediment in the Columbia River Basin; Oregon and WashingtonAn Example from Badger Coulee; Washington - Bunker; R.C.; 1980b; Association of Engineering Geologists; Annual Meeting; Program and Abstracts; p. 29.
New Evidence for Middle Wisconsin Glacial Outburst Flooding in the Channeled Scabland of Eastern Washington - McDonald; E.V. and A.J. Busacca; 1988b; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 20; no. 7; p. A373.
New Evidence for Pre-Wisconsin Flooding in the Channeled Scabland and Eastern Washington - Patton; P. C.; and V.R. Baker; 1978b; Geology; v. 6; p. 567-571.
New Information on the Great Spokane FloodThe Work of Eugene Kiver and Dale Stradling - Glatzer; R.; 1983; Eastern Washington University Explorer; v. 2; no. 1; p. 8-13.
New Magnetostratigraphic Analysis Indicates that the Onset of Pleistocene Cataclysmic Flooding Predates 1.07 Ma in East-Central Washington - Pluhar; C.J.; S.P. Reidel; B.N. Bjornstad; P.B. Nelson; and R.S. Coe; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34 ; no. 5 ; p. A-25.
New Version of the Spokane Flood - Allison; I.S.; 1964; [abstract]. in Fryxell; R.; and E.F. Cook; eds.; A Field Guide to the Loess Deposits and Channeled Scablands of the Palouse Area; Eastern Washington; Washington State University Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigations No. 27; p. 7.
Number and Size of Last-Glacial Missoula Floods in the Columbia River Valley between the Pasco Basin; Washington; and Portland; Oregon
Number; Frequency; and Relative Magnitude of Last-Glacial Floods from Pleistocene Lake Missoula; MontanaEvidence from the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - Atwater; B.F.; 1984a; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 65; no. 45; p. 893.
Numerical Simulations of Large-Scale Cataclysmic Floodwater: A Simple Depth-Averaged Model and an Illustrative Application - Miyamoto; H.; K. Itoh; G. Komatsu; V.R. Baker; J.M. Dohm; H. Tosaka; and S Sasaki; 2006; Geomorphology; v. 76; p. 179-192.
Numerous Colossal Missoula Floods through Columbia Gorge and Portland-Vancouver Basin - Waitt; R.B.; 1996; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 28; no. 5; p. 120-121.
Origin of the Cheney-Palouse Scabland Tract - Patton; P. C. and V.R. Baker; 1978a; in Baker; V.R.; and D. Nummedal; eds.; The Channeled Scabland. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; p. 117-130.
Origin of the Cheney-Palouse Scabland Tract; Washington - Flint; R.F.; 1938b; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 48; p. 203-232.
Origin of the Cheney-Palouse Scabland Tract; Washington - Flint; R.F.; 1964; in Fryxell; R. and E.F. Cook eds.; A Field Guide to the Loess Deposits and Channeled Scablands of the Palouse Area; Eastern Washington; Washington State University Laboratory of Anthropology Report of Investigations No. 27; p. 6-7.
Origin of the Washington Scabland. Northwest Science; v. 8; p. 4-11. - Hodge; E.T.; 1934;
Outburst Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula - Clarke; G. K. C.; W.H. Mathews; and R.T. Pack; 1984; Quaternary Research; v. 22; no. 3; p. 289-299.
Outburst Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula: Comment - Beget; J.E.; 1986; Comment on by G. K. C. Clarke; W. H. Mathews; and R. T. Pack; Quaternary Research; v. 25; no. 1; p. 136-138.
Outburst Floods from Glacier-Dammed Lakes: The Effect of Mode of Lake Drainage on Flood Magnitude - Walder; J.S.; and J.E. Costa; 1996; Earth Surface Processes and Landforms; v. 21; p. 701-723.
Paired Eolian Deposits and Megaflood Features; Columbia Plateau; Washington - Busacca; A.J.; D.R. Gaylord; M.R. Sweeney; and E.V. McDonald; 2002; 10th Annual Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip; Pacific Northwest Cell; August 16-18; 80 p.
Paleodischarge of the Late Pleistocene Bonneville Flood; Snake River; Idaho; Computed from New Evidence - Jarret; R.D.; and H.E. Malde; 1987; Geological Society of America Bulletin; v. 99; p. 127-134.
Paleodrainage of the Columbia River on the Columbia Plateau of Washington State A Summary - Fecht; K. R.; S. P. Reidel; and A. M. Tallman; 1987; Washington Dept. of Natural Resources; Division of Geology and Earth Resources; Bulletin 77; p. 219-248.
Paleohydraulics and Hydrodynamics of the Scabland Floods - Baker; V.R.; 1978c; in Baker; V.R.; and D. Nummedal; eds.; The Channeled Scabland. National Aeronautics and Space Administration; p. 59-79.
Paleohydrology and Sedimentology of Lake Missoula Flooding in Eastern Washington - Baker; V.R.; 1971b; University of Colorado Ph.D. dissertation; 152 p.
Paleohydrology of Catastrophic Pleistocene Flooding in Eastern Washington - Baker; V.R.; 1971a; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 3; p. 497.
Paleohydrology of Late Pleistocene Superflooding; Altay Mountains; Siberia - Baker; V.R.; G. Benito; and A.N. Rudoy; 1993; Science; v. 259; p. 348-350.
Paleomagnetic and Tephra Evidence for Tens of Missoula Floods in Southern Washington - Clague; J.J.; R. Barendregt; R.J. Enkin and F.F. Foit; Jr.; 2003; Geology; v. 31; p. 247-250.
Paleomagnetic Directions from Sediments of Glacial Lake ColumbiaDeclinations Support Hypotheses of Multiple Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula - Steele; W.K.; 1989; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 21; no. 5; p. 149.
Paleomagnetic Evidence for Repeated Glacial Lake Missoula Floods from Sediments of the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - Steele; W.K.; 1991; Quaternary Research; v. 35; p. 197-207.
Paleomagnetic Survey of the Touchet Beds in Burlingame Canyon of Southeastern Washington - Kietzman; D.R.; 1985; Eastern Washington University Masters thesis; 150p.
Paleomagnetism of the Touchet Beds of the Walla Walla River Valley; Southeastern Washington - Lovett; C.K.; 1984; Eastern Washington University Masters thesis; 161 p.
Palouse-Cheney Tract of the Channeled Scablands; Eastern WashingtonA One-Day Field Trip from Moscow; Idaho - Bush; J.H.; B.D. Cochran; R.M. Breckenridge; W.B. Hall; 1979; American Association for the Advancement of Science Pacific Division; 31 p.
Peak Flood Discharges from Late Pleistocene Glacial Lake Missoula
Peak Flows for Cataclysmic Floods
Periodic Floods from Glacial Lake Missoula into the Sanpoil Arm of Glacial Lake Columbia; Northeastern Washington - Atwater; B.F.; 1984b; Geology; v. 12; p. 464-467.
Periodic Jkulhlaups from Pleistocene Glacial Lake MissoulaNew Evidence from Varved Sediment in Northern Idaho and Washington; Reply to comment - Waitt; R.B.; 1985a; Quaternary Research; v. 24; no. 3; p. 357-360.
Periodic Jokulhlaups from Pleistocene Glacial Lake Missoula: New Evidence from Varved Sediments in Northern Idaho and Washington - Comments - Kiver; E.P.; and D.F. Stradling; 1985b; Comments on by R. B. Waitt; Quaternary Research; v. 24; no. 3; p. 354-356.
Personal Discovery of Cataclysmic Ice Age Floods through Geocaching - Bjornstad; B.N.; 2005; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 37; no. 7; p. 158.
Physical and Chemical Heterogeneity Within Cataclysmic Flood Deposits; South-Central Washington - Bjornstad; B.N.; C.J. Murray; and C.I. Steefel; 1994; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 26; no. 7; p. A-68.
Physiography and Glacial Geology of Western Montana and Adjacent Areas - Alden; W.C.; 1953; U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 231; 300 p.
Pleistocene Catastrophic Flood Deposits of the Pasco Basin; Washington; and the Role of the Snake River - Lindberg; J.W.; and R.E. Brown; 1981; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 13; p. 67.
Pleistocene Glacial Lake Deposits of the Sanpoil River Valley; Northeastern Washington - Atwater; B.F.; 1986; U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1661; 39p.
Pleistocene Ice Dams and Glacial Lake Missoula Floods in Northern Idaho and Adjacent Areas - Breckenridge; R.M.; 1989a; in Chamberlin; V.E.; R.M. Breckenridge and B. Bonnichsen; eds.; Guidebook to the Geology of Northern and Western Idaho and Surrounding Area; Idaho Geological Survey Bulletin 28; p. 5-16.
Pleistocene Mountain Glaciation in Montana; USA - Locke; W.; and L.N. Smith; 2004; in Ehlers; J. and P.L. Gibbard; eds.; Extent and Chronology of Glaciations; Elsevier; Amsterdam; pp. 114-121.
Possible Supply of Water for the Channeled Scablands - Harding; H.T.; 1929; Science; v. 69; p. 188-190.
Pre-Late Wisconsin Catastrophic Glacial Flood Deposits in the Walla Walla Valley; Southeastern Washington - Vrooman; A.; and P.K. Spencer; 1990; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 22; no. 3; p. 90.
Pre-Late Wisconsin Glacial Lake Missoula Flood Deposits in the Latah Creek Valley; WA; and Other Proximal Flood Deposits; Northern Washington and Idaho - Meyer; S.E.; D.R. Gaylord; F.F. Foit; and R.M. Breckenridge; 1999; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 31; no. 6; p. A-79.
Pre-Late Wisconsinan Glacial Outburst Floods in Southeastern WashingtonThe indirect record - Spencer; P.K.; and M.A. Jaffee; 2002; Washington Geology; v. 30; no. 1/2; p. 9-16.
Pre-Wisconsin Glacial-Outburst Floods: Pedogenic and Paleomagnetic Evidence from the Pasco Basin and Adjacent Channeled Scabland - Bjornstad; B. N.; and K. R. Fecht; 1989; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 21; no. 5; p. 58.
Preliminary Glacial and Flood Chronology; Columbia River Glacier; Northeastern Washington - Kiver; E.P.; and D.F. Stradling; 1985a; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 17; no. 4; p. 249.
Preservation of a 14;570 Year-Old Columbian Mammoth in Touchet Beds near Moxee City (Yakima Co.) Washington - Lundblad; S.P.; 2002; Geological Society of America; Abstracts with Programs; v. 34; no. 5; p. A-25.
Progress Report: Investigation into Columbia River Glacial Age Flooding and Sedimentation at Hanford; Washington - Walters; W.H.; R.L. Skaggs; 1981; Eos (American Geophysical Union Transactions); v. 62; no. 5; p. 60.
Quaternary Geology and Geomorphology of the Lower Deschutes River Canyon; Oregon
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